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Merge pull request #512 from braddunbar/getvalue

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Add utility function `result`.
This commit is contained in:
brad dunbar
2012-03-19 11:46:26 -07:00
parent 984f29ad58 5545a3b68d
commit a2a35c10ce
3 changed files with 120 additions and 91 deletions
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195
index.html
View File

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="chrome=1">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
<title>Underscore.js</title>
<style>
body {
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
line-height: 22px;
background: #f4f4f4 url(docs/images/background.png);
color: #000;
font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial;
font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial;
}
.interface {
font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important;
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
}
.toc_section li a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
}
div.container {
width: 550px;
margin: 40px 0 50px 260px;
@@ -131,13 +131,13 @@
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="sidebar" class="interface">
<a class="toc_title" href="#">
Underscore.js <span class="version">(1.3.1)</span>
</a>
<a class="toc_title" href="#">
Introduction
</a>
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
<a class="toc_title" href="#utility">
Utility
</a>
</a>
<ul class="toc_section">
<li>- <a href="#noConflict">noConflict</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#identity">identity</a></li>
@@ -245,6 +245,7 @@
<li>- <a href="#mixin">mixin</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#uniqueId">uniqueId</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#escape">escape</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#result">result</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#template">template</a></li>
</ul>
@@ -255,15 +256,15 @@
<li>- <a href="#chain">chain</a></li>
<li>- <a href="#value">value</a></li>
</ul>
<a class="toc_title" href="#links">
Links
</a>
<a class="toc_title" href="#changelog">
Change Log
</a>
</div>
<div class="container">
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@
A complete <a href="test/test.html">Test &amp; Benchmark Suite</a>
is included for your perusal.
</p>
<p>
You may also read through the <a href="docs/underscore.html">annotated source code</a>.
</p>
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@
<td><i>&lt; 4kb, Minified and Gzipped</i></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="warning">Upgrade warning: version 1.3.0 removes AMD (RequireJS) support.</div>
<div id="documentation">
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@ _.min(numbers);
<p id="sortBy">
<b class="header">sortBy</b><code>_.sortBy(list, iterator, [context])</code>
<br />
Returns a sorted copy of <b>list</b>, ranked in ascending order by the
Returns a sorted copy of <b>list</b>, ranked in ascending order by the
results of running each value through <b>iterator</b>.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -565,7 +566,7 @@ _.sortedIndex([10, 20, 30, 40, 50], 35);
<p id="shuffle">
<b class="header">shuffle</b><code>_.shuffle(list)</code>
<br />
Returns a shuffled copy of the <b>list</b>, using a version of the
Returns a shuffled copy of the <b>list</b>, using a version of the
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher%E2%80%93Yates_shuffle">Fisher-Yates shuffle</a>.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -751,7 +752,7 @@ _.zip(['moe', 'larry', 'curly'], [30, 40, 50], [true, false, false]);
<br />
Returns the index at which <b>value</b> can be found in the <b>array</b>,
or <i>-1</i> if value is not present in the <b>array</b>. Uses the native
<b>indexOf</b> function unless it's missing. If you're working with a
<b>indexOf</b> function unless it's missing. If you're working with a
large array, and you know that the array is already sorted, pass <tt>true</tt>
for <b>isSorted</b> to use a faster binary search.
</p>
@@ -836,7 +837,7 @@ jQuery('#underscore_button').bind('click', buttonView.onClick);
<b class="header">memoize</b><code>_.memoize(function, [hashFunction])</code>
<br />
Memoizes a given <b>function</b> by caching the computed result. Useful
for speeding up slow-running computations. If passed an optional
for speeding up slow-running computations. If passed an optional
<b>hashFunction</b>, it will be used to compute the hash key for storing
the result, based on the arguments to the original function. The default
<b>hashFunction</b> just uses the first argument to the memoized function
@@ -877,8 +878,8 @@ _.defer(function(){ alert('deferred'); });
<p id="throttle">
<b class="header">throttle</b><code>_.throttle(function, wait)</code>
<br />
Creates and returns a new, throttled version of the passed function,
that, when invoked repeatedly, will only actually call the original function
Creates and returns a new, throttled version of the passed function,
that, when invoked repeatedly, will only actually call the original function
at most once per every <b>wait</b>
milliseconds. Useful for rate-limiting events that occur faster than you
can keep up with.
@@ -892,11 +893,11 @@ $(window).scroll(throttled);
<b class="header">debounce</b><code>_.debounce(function, wait)</code>
<br />
Creates and returns a new debounced version of the passed function that
will postpone its execution until after
<b>wait</b> milliseconds have elapsed since the last time it
was invoked. Useful for implementing behavior that should only happen
<i>after</i> the input has stopped arriving. For example: rendering a
preview of a Markdown comment, recalculating a layout after the window
will postpone its execution until after
<b>wait</b> milliseconds have elapsed since the last time it
was invoked. Useful for implementing behavior that should only happen
<i>after</i> the input has stopped arriving. For example: rendering a
preview of a Markdown comment, recalculating a layout after the window
has stopped being resized, and so on.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -907,7 +908,7 @@ $(window).resize(lazyLayout);
<p id="once">
<b class="header">once</b><code>_.once(function)</code>
<br />
Creates a version of the function that can only be called one time.
Creates a version of the function that can only be called one time.
Repeated calls to the modified function will have no effect, returning
the value from the original call. Useful for initialization functions,
instead of having to set a boolean flag and then check it later.
@@ -922,7 +923,7 @@ initialize();
<p id="after">
<b class="header">after</b><code>_.after(count, function)</code>
<br />
Creates a version of the function that will only be run after first
Creates a version of the function that will only be run after first
being called <b>count</b> times. Useful for grouping asynchronous responses,
where you want to be sure that all the async calls have finished, before
proceeding.
@@ -930,7 +931,7 @@ initialize();
<pre>
var renderNotes = _.after(notes.length, render);
_.each(notes, function(note) {
note.asyncSave({success: renderNotes});
note.asyncSave({success: renderNotes});
});
// renderNotes is run once, after all notes have saved.
</pre>
@@ -1058,9 +1059,9 @@ _.chain([1,2,3,200])
<p id="has">
<b class="header">has</b><code>_.has(object, key)</code>
<br />
Does the object contain the given key? Identical to
Does the object contain the given key? Identical to
<tt>object.hasOwnProperty(key)</tt>, but uses a safe reference to the
<tt>hasOwnProperty</tt> function, in case it's been
<tt>hasOwnProperty</tt> function, in case it's been
<a href="http://www.devthought.com/2012/01/18/an-object-is-not-a-hash/">overridden accidentally</a>.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -1238,7 +1239,7 @@ _.isNull(undefined);
_.isUndefined(window.missingVariable);
=&gt; true
</pre>
<h2 id="utility">Utility Functions</h2>
<p id="noConflict">
@@ -1275,7 +1276,7 @@ _(3).times(function(){ genie.grantWish(); });</pre>
<b class="header">mixin</b><code>_.mixin(object)</code>
<br />
Allows you to extend Underscore with your own utility functions. Pass
a hash of <tt>{name: function}</tt> definitions to have your functions
a hash of <tt>{name: function}</tt> definitions to have your functions
added to the Underscore object, as well as the OOP wrapper.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -1302,13 +1303,25 @@ _.uniqueId('contact_');
<p id="escape">
<b class="header">escape</b><code>_.escape(string)</code>
<br />
Escapes a string for insertion into HTML, replacing
Escapes a string for insertion into HTML, replacing
<tt>&amp;</tt>, <tt>&lt;</tt>, <tt>&gt;</tt>, <tt>&quot;</tt>, <tt>&#x27;</tt>, and <tt>&#x2F;</tt> characters.
</p>
<pre>
_.escape('Curly, Larry &amp; Moe');
=&gt; "Curly, Larry &amp;amp; Moe"</pre>
<p id="result">
<b class="header">result</b><code>_.result(object, property)</code>
<br />
Returns a value from an object as a property or as a function.
</p>
<pre>
var object = {cheese: 'crumpets', stuff: function(){ return 'nonsense'; }};
_.result(object, 'cheese');
=&gt; "crumpets"
_.result(object, 'stuff');
=&gt; "nonsense"</pre>
<p id="template">
<b class="header">template</b><code>_.template(templateString, [context])</code>
<br />
@@ -1340,7 +1353,7 @@ template({value : '&lt;script&gt;'});
You can also use <tt>print</tt> from within JavaScript code. This is
sometimes more convenient than using <tt>&lt;%= ... %&gt;</tt>.
</p>
<pre>
var compiled = _.template("&lt;% print('Hello ' + epithet); %&gt;");
compiled({epithet: "stooge"});
@@ -1349,8 +1362,8 @@ compiled({epithet: "stooge"});
<p>
If ERB-style delimiters aren't your cup of tea, you can change Underscore's
template settings to use different symbols to set off interpolated code.
Define an <b>interpolate</b> regex to match expressions that should be
interpolated verbatim, an <b>escape</b> regex to match expressions that should
Define an <b>interpolate</b> regex to match expressions that should be
interpolated verbatim, an <b>escape</b> regex to match expressions that should
be inserted after being HTML escaped, and an <b>evaluate</b> regex to match
expressions that should be evaluated without insertion into the resulting
string. You may define or omit any combination of the three.
@@ -1451,7 +1464,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
The <a href="http://github.com/mirven/underscore.lua">source</a> is
available on GitHub.
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://brianhaveri.github.com/Underscore.php/">Underscore.php</a>,
a PHP port of the functions that are applicable in both languages.
@@ -1459,17 +1472,17 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
The <a href="http://github.com/brianhaveri/Underscore.php">source</a> is
available on GitHub.
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://vti.github.com/underscore-perl/">Underscore-perl</a>,
a Perl port of many of the Underscore.js functions,
aimed at on Perl hashes and arrays, also
a Perl port of many of the Underscore.js functions,
aimed at on Perl hashes and arrays, also
<a href="https://github.com/vti/underscore-perl/">available on GitHub</a>.
</p>
<p>
<a href="https://github.com/edtsech/underscore.string">Underscore.string</a>,
an Underscore extension that adds functions for string-manipulation:
an Underscore extension that adds functions for string-manipulation:
<tt>trim</tt>, <tt>startsWith</tt>, <tt>contains</tt>, <tt>capitalize</tt>,
<tt>reverse</tt>, <tt>sprintf</tt>, and more.
</p>
@@ -1488,7 +1501,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
<a href="http://osteele.com/sources/javascript/functional/">Functional JavaScript</a>,
which includes comprehensive higher-order function support as well as string lambdas.
</p>
<p>
Michael Aufreiter's <a href="http://substance.io/#michael/data-js">Data.js</a>,
a data manipulation + persistence library for JavaScript.
@@ -1499,7 +1512,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</p>
<h2 id="changelog">Change Log</h2>
<p>
<b class="header">1.3.1</b> &mdash; <small><i>Jan. 23, 2012</i></small><br />
<ul>
@@ -1510,7 +1523,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
Added <tt>_.collect</tt> as an alias for <tt>_.map</tt>. Smalltalkers, rejoice.
</li>
<li>
Reverted an old change so that <tt>_.extend</tt> will correctly copy
Reverted an old change so that <tt>_.extend</tt> will correctly copy
over keys with undefined values again.
</li>
<li>
@@ -1518,7 +1531,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.3.0</b> &mdash; <small><i>Jan. 11, 2012</i></small><br />
<ul>
@@ -1529,12 +1542,12 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.2.4</b> &mdash; <small><i>Jan. 4, 2012</i></small><br />
<ul>
<li>
You now can (and probably should) write <tt>_.chain(list)</tt>
You now can (and probably should) write <tt>_.chain(list)</tt>
instead of <tt>_(list).chain()</tt>.
</li>
<li>
@@ -1551,7 +1564,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.2.3</b> &mdash; <small><i>Dec. 7, 2011</i></small><br />
<ul>
@@ -1564,12 +1577,12 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
<li>
Both <tt>_.reduce</tt> and <tt>_.reduceRight</tt> can now be passed an
explicitly <tt>undefined</tt> value. (There's no reason why you'd
explicitly <tt>undefined</tt> value. (There's no reason why you'd
want to do this.)
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.2.2</b> &mdash; <small><i>Nov. 14, 2011</i></small><br />
<ul>
@@ -1588,22 +1601,22 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
<li>
<tt>_.after(callback, 0)</tt> will now trigger the callback immediately,
making "after" easier to use with asynchronous APIs <small>(#366)</small>.
making "after" easier to use with asynchronous APIs <small>(#366)</small>.
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.2.1</b> &mdash; <small><i>Oct. 24, 2011</i></small><br />
<ul>
<li>
Several important bug fixes for <tt>_.isEqual</tt>, which should now
do better on mutated Arrays, and on non-Array objects with
Several important bug fixes for <tt>_.isEqual</tt>, which should now
do better on mutated Arrays, and on non-Array objects with
<tt>length</tt> properties. <small>(#329)</small>
</li>
<li>
<b>jrburke</b> contributed Underscore exporting for AMD module loaders,
and <b>tonylukasavage</b> for Appcelerator Titanium.
and <b>tonylukasavage</b> for Appcelerator Titanium.
<small>(#335, #338)</small>
</li>
<li>
@@ -1611,7 +1624,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
grouping values by a particular common property.
</li>
<li>
<tt>_.throttle</tt>'d functions now fire immediately upon invocation,
<tt>_.throttle</tt>'d functions now fire immediately upon invocation,
and are rate-limited thereafter <small>(#170, #266)</small>.
</li>
<li>
@@ -1619,7 +1632,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
<li>
The <tt>_.bind</tt> function now also works on constructors, a-la
ES5 ... but you would never want to use <tt>_.bind</tt> on a
ES5 ... but you would never want to use <tt>_.bind</tt> on a
constructor function.
</li>
<li>
@@ -1631,25 +1644,25 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.2.0</b> &mdash; <small><i>Oct. 5, 2011</i></small><br />
<ul>
<li>
The <tt>_.isEqual</tt> function now
The <tt>_.isEqual</tt> function now
supports true deep equality comparisons, with checks for cyclic structures,
thanks to Kit Cambridge.
</li>
<li>
Underscore templates now support HTML escaping interpolations, using
<tt>&lt;%- ... %&gt;</tt> syntax.
Underscore templates now support HTML escaping interpolations, using
<tt>&lt;%- ... %&gt;</tt> syntax.
</li>
<li>
Ryan Tenney contributed <tt>_.shuffle</tt>, which uses a modified
Fisher-Yates to give you a shuffled copy of an array.
Ryan Tenney contributed <tt>_.shuffle</tt>, which uses a modified
Fisher-Yates to give you a shuffled copy of an array.
</li>
<li>
<tt>_.uniq</tt> can now be passed an optional iterator, to determine by
<tt>_.uniq</tt> can now be passed an optional iterator, to determine by
what criteria an object should be considered unique.
</li>
<li>
@@ -1658,22 +1671,22 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
</li>
<li>
A new <tt>_.initial</tt> function was added, as a mirror of <tt>_.rest</tt>,
which returns all the initial values of a list (except the last N).
which returns all the initial values of a list (except the last N).
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.7</b> &mdash; <small><i>July 13, 2011</i></small><br />
Added <tt>_.groupBy</tt>, which aggregates a collection into groups of like items.
Added <tt>_.union</tt> and <tt>_.difference</tt>, to complement the
Added <tt>_.union</tt> and <tt>_.difference</tt>, to complement the
(re-named) <tt>_.intersection</tt>.
Various improvements for support of sparse arrays.
<tt>_.toArray</tt> now returns a clone, if directly passed an array.
<tt>_.functions</tt> now also returns the names of functions that are present
in the prototype chain.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.6</b> &mdash; <small><i>April 18, 2011</i></small><br />
Added <tt>_.after</tt>, which will return a function that only runs after
@@ -1684,30 +1697,30 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
<tt>_.extend</tt> no longer copies keys when the value is undefined.
<tt>_.bind</tt> now errors when trying to bind an undefined value.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.5</b> &mdash; <small><i>Mar 20, 2011</i></small><br />
Added an <tt>_.defaults</tt> function, for use merging together JS objects
representing default options.
Added an <tt>_.once</tt> function, for manufacturing functions that should
only ever execute a single time.
<tt>_.bind</tt> now delegates to the native ECMAScript 5 version,
<tt>_.bind</tt> now delegates to the native ECMAScript 5 version,
where available.
<tt>_.keys</tt> now throws an error when used on non-Object values, as in
ECMAScript 5.
Fixed a bug with <tt>_.keys</tt> when used over sparse arrays.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.4</b> &mdash; <small><i>Jan 9, 2011</i></small><br />
Improved compliance with ES5's Array methods when passing <tt>null</tt>
Improved compliance with ES5's Array methods when passing <tt>null</tt>
as a value. <tt>_.wrap</tt> now correctly sets <tt>this</tt> for the
wrapped function. <tt>_.indexOf</tt> now takes an optional flag for
finding the insertion index in an array that is guaranteed to already
be sorted. Avoiding the use of <tt>.callee</tt>, to allow <tt>_.isArray</tt>
to work properly in ES5's strict mode.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.3</b> &mdash; <small><i>Dec 1, 2010</i></small><br />
In CommonJS, Underscore may now be required with just: <br />
@@ -1719,26 +1732,26 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
Improved the <b>isType</b> family of functions for better interoperability
with Internet Explorer host objects.
<tt>_.template</tt> now correctly escapes backslashes in templates.
Improved <tt>_.reduce</tt> compatibility with the ECMA5 version:
Improved <tt>_.reduce</tt> compatibility with the ECMA5 version:
if you don't pass an initial value, the first item in the collection is used.
<tt>_.each</tt> no longer returns the iterated collection, for improved
consistency with ES5's <tt>forEach</tt>.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.2</b><br />
Fixed <tt>_.contains</tt>, which was mistakenly pointing at
<tt>_.intersect</tt> instead of <tt>_.include</tt>, like it should
Fixed <tt>_.contains</tt>, which was mistakenly pointing at
<tt>_.intersect</tt> instead of <tt>_.include</tt>, like it should
have been. Added <tt>_.unique</tt> as an alias for <tt>_.uniq</tt>.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.1</b><br />
Improved the speed of <tt>_.template</tt>, and its handling of multiline
interpolations. Ryan Tenney contributed optimizations to many Underscore
interpolations. Ryan Tenney contributed optimizations to many Underscore
functions. An annotated version of the source code is now available.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.1.0</b><br />
The method signature of <tt>_.reduce</tt> has been changed to match
@@ -1747,33 +1760,33 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
called with no arguments, and preserves whitespace. <tt>_.contains</tt>
is a new alias for <tt>_.include</tt>.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.0.4</b><br />
<a href="http://themoell.com/">Andri Möll</a> contributed the <tt>_.memoize</tt>
function, which can be used to speed up expensive repeated computations
<a href="http://themoell.com/">Andri Möll</a> contributed the <tt>_.memoize</tt>
function, which can be used to speed up expensive repeated computations
by caching the results.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.0.3</b><br />
Patch that makes <tt>_.isEqual</tt> return <tt>false</tt> if any property
of the compared object has a <tt>NaN</tt> value. Technically the correct
thing to do, but of questionable semantics. Watch out for NaN comparisons.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.0.2</b><br />
Fixes <tt>_.isArguments</tt> in recent versions of Opera, which have
arguments objects as real Arrays.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.0.1</b><br />
Bugfix for <tt>_.isEqual</tt>, when comparing two objects with the same
Bugfix for <tt>_.isEqual</tt>, when comparing two objects with the same
number of undefined keys, but with different names.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">1.0.0</b><br />
Things have been stable for many months now, so Underscore is now
@@ -1781,15 +1794,15 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
include <tt>_.isBoolean</tt>, and the ability to have <tt>_.extend</tt>
take multiple source objects.
</p>
<p>
<b class="header">0.6.0</b><br />
Major release. Incorporates a number of
Major release. Incorporates a number of
<a href="http://github.com/ratbeard">Mile Frawley's</a> refactors for
safer duck-typing on collection functions, and cleaner internals. A new
<tt>_.mixin</tt> method that allows you to extend Underscore with utility
functions of your own. Added <tt>_.times</tt>, which works the same as in
Ruby or Prototype.js. Native support for ECMAScript 5's <tt>Array.isArray</tt>,
functions of your own. Added <tt>_.times</tt>, which works the same as in
Ruby or Prototype.js. Native support for ECMAScript 5's <tt>Array.isArray</tt>,
and <tt>Object.keys</tt>.
</p>
@@ -1847,7 +1860,7 @@ _([1, 2, 3]).value();
<b class="header">0.5.1</b><br />
Added an <tt>_.isArguments</tt> function. Lots of little safety checks
and optimizations contributed by
<a href="http://github.com/iamnoah/">Noah Sloan</a> and
<a href="http://github.com/iamnoah/">Noah Sloan</a> and
<a href="http://themoell.com/">Andri Möll</a>.
</p>

9
test/utility.js
View File

@@ -165,4 +165,13 @@ $(document).ready(function() {
strictEqual(tmpl(), '<p>\u2028\u2028\u2029\u2029</p>');
});
test('result calls functions and returns primitives', function() {
var obj = {w: '', x: 'x', y: function(){ return 'y'; }};
strictEqual(_.result(obj, 'w'), '');
strictEqual(_.result(obj, 'x'), 'x');
strictEqual(_.result(obj, 'y'), 'y');
strictEqual(_.result(obj, 'z'), undefined);
strictEqual(_.result(null, 'x'), null);
});
});

7
underscore.js
View File

@@ -873,6 +873,13 @@
return (''+string).replace(/&/g, '&amp;').replace(/</g, '&lt;').replace(/>/g, '&gt;').replace(/"/g, '&quot;').replace(/'/g, '&#x27;').replace(/\//g,'&#x2F;');
};
// Get a value from an object as a property or as a function.
_.result = function(object, property) {
if (object == null) return null;
var value = object[property];
return _.isFunction(value) ? value() : value;
};
// Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object, ensuring that
// they're correctly added to the OOP wrapper as well.
_.mixin = function(obj) {